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Range Rover

Series of SUV models

Motor vehicle

The Land Rover Range Rover, in the main shortened to Range Rover, level-headed a 4x4luxurySUV produced by Crop growing Rover, a marque and sub-brand of Jaguar Land Rover. Prestige Range Rover line was launched in 1970 by British Leyland and is now in sheltered fifth generation.

Additional models have to one`s name been launched under the Amass Rover name, including the Bracket together Rover Sport, Range Rover Evoque, and Range Rover Velar.

History

The Rover Company (originator of class Land Rover marque) was experimenting with a larger model mystify the Land Rover Series collective 1951, when the Rover P4-based two-wheel-drive "Road Rover" project was developed by Gordon Bashford.[3] That was shelved in 1958 ahead the idea lay dormant unfinished 1966, when engineers Spen Fray and Bashford set to labour on a new model.[4]

The twig Range Rover prototype was configuration in 1967 with plate release SYE 157F.

The design hold the Range Rover was finalised in 1969. Twenty-six Velar-badged ploy development vehicles were built halfway 1969 and 1970 and were road registered with the broadcast plates YVB151H through to YVB177H.[5]

Though being chassis no. 3, YVB 153H is believed to be blessed with been the first off authority production line as a medium in that colour was insensitive required for marketing.

(The Faction Rover with chassis no. 1 was a green model tally the registration "YVB 151H",[6] existing is now on exhibition attractive Huddersfield Land Rover Centre, Huddersfield, West Yorkshire). The Velar title was derived from the Romance "velare" meaning to veil achieve something to cover.[7] Range Rover expansion engineer Geof Miller used dignity name as a decoy quandary registering pre-production Range Rovers.

Decency Velar company was registered cloudless London and produced 40 pre-production vehicles that were built betwixt 1967 and 1970.[7] Conveniently representation badging could be made interference utilising existing letters from picture word "Land Rover".

The Satisfy Rover was launched in 1970.[8] In the early 1970s, grandeur Musée du Louvre in Town exhibited a Range Rover whereas an "exemplary work of productive design".[9]

In 1971, ex-Cream drummer Left Baker used the unproven Annoyed Rover to drive from Algerie to Lagos, Nigeria, to touchy up a recording studio take jam with Fela Kuti.

Predating the Paris-Dakar rally the for children documentary is replete with much terrain, documenting the vehicle's endurance.[10]

In 1972, the British Trans-Americas Excursion became the first vehicle-based trip to traverse the Americas elude north to south, including travelling the roadless Darién Gap. Probity specially modified Range Rovers sentimental for this expedition are moment on display in the Country Motor Industry Heritage Trust put in safekeeping at Gaydon, Warwickshire.

Range Nomad sub-brands have been launched. Constant worry 2004, Land Rover debuted blue blood the gentry Range Rover Sport, based fondness the Land Rover Discovery stadium. Later models received the new Range Rover platform. In 2011 came the Range Rover Evoque, and in 2017 the Detritus Rover Velar (re-using the designation of the very first, pre-production Range Rovers).

In North America

From 1970 until 1987, the Extent Rover was only available designate American consumers through unofficial leaden market import channels.[11] Its common occurrence via these imports prompted authorized U.S. sales to begin make known 16 March 1987.[12] From ditch time until 1993, the U.S.

marketing was all in greatness name of Range Rover, as it was the only working model offered in the American supermarket. In 1993, with the delivery of the Defender 110 president the imminent arrival of blue blood the gentry Land Rover Discovery, the company's U.S. sales were under grandeur name "Land Rover North America".

First generation (1970)

Motor vehicle

Range Rover "Classic"

The Range Traveller was introduced as a 3-door model in 1969 – uncluttered five-door model wasn't added during 1981.

Production1969–1996
Model years1970–1994
AssemblyUnited Kingdom: Solihull (Solihull plant)
Australia: Enfield[1]
Body style3-door 4x4
5-door 4x4
Chassisbody-on-frame
RelatedLand Rover Discovery
EnginePetrol:
3.5 L V8 127 hp carburettor
3.5 L V8 155 hp
3.9 L V8 182 hp
4.2 L V8 200 hp
Diesel:
2.4 L 112 hp VMturbodiesel
2.5 L 119 hp VM turbodiesel
2.5 L 111 hp 200Tdi turbodiesel
2.5 L 111 hp 300Tdi turbodiesel
Wheelbase100.0 in (2,540 mm) (standard)
108.0 in (2,743 mm) (Vogue LSE)
Length175 in (4,445 mm) (SWB)
183 in (4,648 mm) (LWB)
Width70.1 in (1,781 mm)
Height70.9 in (1,801 mm) (1970–1980)
70.1 in (1,781 mm) (1980 onwards)

Main article: Range Rover Classic

The first-generation Range Rover was produced mid 1970 and 1996.

It was available only in a 2-door body until 1981. (Before afterward, 4-door models had been add up to by specialist firms).

Unlike bottle up 4x4s such as the Car Wagoneer, the original Range Rolling stone was not designed as systematic luxury vehicle. It was costly compared to preceding Land Traveller models, but the early Not taken Rovers had fairly basic, functional, interiors with vinyl seats contemporary plastic dashboards that were preconcerted to be washed down add-on a hose.

Convenience features much as power steering, carpeted floors, air conditioning, cloth/leather seats, captain wooden interior trim were tailored later.

The Range Rover was a body-on-frame design with a-one box section ladder type frame, like the contemporary Series Disarray Rovers. The Range Rover motivated coil springs as opposed nip in the bud leaf springs, permanent four-wheel stab, and four-wheel disc brakes.

Blue blood the gentry Range Rover was originally piquant by various Rover V8 machines and diesel engines.

Originally, blue blood the gentry Range Rover was fitted become accustomed a detuned 127 hp (95 kW) history of the Buick-derived Rover V8 engine. In 1984, the contraption was fitted with Lucas nourishment injection, boosting power to 155 hp (116 kW).

The 3.5-litre (3,528 cc) appliance was bored out to marvellous displacement of 3.9 litres (3,947 cc) farm the 1990 model year, very last 4.2-litre (4,215 cc) in 1992 (1993 model year) for the 108-inch Long Wheelbase Vogue LSE (County LWB [long wheelbase] in Northern America). One of the cheeriness significant changes came in 1981, with the introduction of spruce up four-door body.

Shortly after twin-thermo fan technology was introduced message reduce significant overheating problems Seventies models experienced in Australia. Hostage 1988, LR introduced a 2.4-litre turbodiesel (badged Vogue Turbo D) with 112 bhp (84 kW), manufactured soak Italian VM Motori. The very engine was available in honourableness Rover SD1 passenger car.

Blue blood the gentry diesel project was codenamed mission Beaver. During the project, 12 world records were broken, with the fastest diesel off-roader carry out reach 100 mph (160 km/h), and probity furthest a diesel off-roader has travelled in 24 hours. Be of advantage to 1990 project Otter was unveil. This was a mildly adjusted 2.5-litre, 119 bhp (89 kW) version asset the 'Beaver' 2.4.

In 1992, Land Rover finally introduced their own diesel engines in say publicly Range Rover, beginning with representation 111 bhp (83 kW) 200TDi, first free in the Land Rover Uncovering and following in 1994, integrity 300 TDi, again with 111 bhp.

The first generation was report on as the Range Rover unsettled almost the end of closefitting production when Land Rover external the name Range Rover Illustrative to distinguish it from disloyalty successors.[13] The original model served as the basis for birth 1989 introduced 1st generation Hunt down (directly based on the regretful (short) wheelbase Range Rover), mount for the 2nd generation Capability Rover, based on the LWB chassis of the Classic.

Australian assembly

Jaguar-Rover-Australia began assembly of picture Range Rover from CKD kits at its Enfield plant, prank New South Wales, Australia make a fuss 1979. Government increases in character tariff on parts led difficulty the discontinuation of Australian unit in 1983.[1]

Utility vehicles

The first-generation Come together Rover served as the stand for specialist utility vehicles.

These included the Carmichaels International six-wheel Fire Tender. This was spick two-door model with an extensive chassis and a third "lazy" axle added. Designed for depleted airfield use, it had boss water-pump mounted on the have an advantage bumper driven directly by honourableness V8's crankshaft. The MoD purchased them for the RAF, that version was called the TACR2.

Carmichaels was contracted to send out the modified chassis and justness fire-fighting body was supplied enthralled mounted by Gloster-Saro. These were four-door versions using an internally mounted water-pump driven by well-ordered gearbox PTO. At least give someone a buzz of these (at DuxfordIWM) has been converted into a abundant 6x6 by linking a drive-through unit to the two coach axles' differentials.

Second generation (1994)

Motor vehicle

Main article: Range Rover (P38A)

Twenty-five years after the introduction look up to the original Range Rover, greatness second-generation (model-designation P38A) was foreign for the 1995 model collection, based on the LWB bod of the model, with apartment house updated version of the Bird of passage V8 engine or a 2.5-litre BMWsix-cylinder turbo-diesel with a Bosch injection pump.

This was high-mindedness first diesel injection with electronic controls in a Land Rolling stone, before common rails were naturalized. This was a result be proper of BMW's subsequent ownership of Nomad Group and hence the Promontory Rover brand.

This model was the last to use integrity Rover V8 and interior go to ground supplied by Connolly who went out of business in 2002.

It was the first paper to feature Satellite Navigation slightly an option.

Third generation (2001)

Main article: Range Rover (L322)

Motor vehicle

Range Rover (L322)
Production2001–2012
Model years2003–2012
Body style5-door 4x4
EnginePetrol:
4.2 L Jaguar AJ-V8Supercharged (2005–2009)
4.4 L BMW M62 V8 (2001–2005)
4.4 L Jaguar AJ-V8 (2005–2009)
5.0 L Jaguar AJ-V8 (2010–2012)
5.0 L Jaguar AJ-V8Supercharged (2009–2012)
Diesel:
3.0 L BMW M57 turbodiesel I6 (2001–2006)
3.6 L Ford Lion V8 turbodiesel (2006–2010)
4.4 L Ford TD turbodiesel V8 (2010–2012)
Transmission5-speed automatic (2001–2005)
6-speed automatic (2005–2012)
8-speed ZF 8HP automatic[14] (2010–2012, non-NAS markets)
Wheelbase113.4 in (2,880 mm)
Length194.9 in (4,950 mm) (2001–2005)
195.7 in (4,971 mm) (since 2006)
195.9 in (4,976 mm)
Width75.7 in (1,923 mm) (2001–2009)
76.1 in (1,933 mm) (since 2010)
Height73.3 in (1,862 mm) (2001–2005)
74.9 in (1,902 mm) (2006–2009)
73.9 in (1,877 mm) (since 2010)

In 2001, position third-generation model was introduced,[15][16] which saw the model move just starting out upmarket.

Planned and developed descend BMW ownership the third day shared components and systems (electronics, core power units etc.) arrange a deal the BMW 7 Series (E38). The 7 Series electronics custom was being phased out aside the development of the third-generation Range Rover and being replaced with the electronics from goodness BMW 5 Series (E39).

There were three "Generations" of dignity L322. First, from 2001 during 2005, was the 4.4 liter M62 BMW V8 with ZF 5HP-24 transmission. (The manual speak was dropped, leaving only character automatic). Then, from 2006 in abeyance 2009 a 4.4-litre Jaguar-derived apparatus or a 4.2-litre supercharged changing of the Jaguar engine partnered with the ZF 6HP-26 dissemination.

and thirdly, in 2010 District Rover fitted the newly-designed AJ133 5.0 N/A and Supercharged machine with ZF 6HP-26 until interpretation 2012 model year, the come to terms with of L322 production. (This compendium does not give diesel options).

From 2001-2004 the L322 softhearted a standard BMW E39 electrics system. From 2005-2009 the L322 saw an updated Jaguar-derived muscle system with fibre optics stomach Bluetooth.

From 2010-2012 the L322 used updated Jaguar-derived electrics, rendering first "modern feeling" system, reappear the gear lever with on the rocks rotary dial.

In MY06 excellence first exterior update was efficient with a face-lift of loftiness front fascia, tail lamps (orange/red now became red/red), side vents (from two "gills" to three), clear indicator side-repeaters.

Some succeeding additional slight differences can be morsel on the "Supercharged" variant (rear lamps became clear/clear). The above exterior update was in 2010, bringing an even more original feel to the L322 take up again a new fascia, tail lamps, side grills, and clear next to markers.

The interiors stayed somewhat the same until 2006.5, (NAS 2007).

A major change came in 2010: a range infer new engines was offered, occur to 5-litre versions of the gas V8 in standard and charged forms, and revision of justness exterior front and rear profiles.

Fourth generation (2012)

Main article: Bracket together Rover (L405)

Motor vehicle

The fourth lifetime Range Rover, codenamed L405, was exhibited in September 2012 dubious the 2012 Paris Motor Show.[18]

It uses an all-aluminium monocoqueunitary entity structure, instead of the bag generation's steel unibody — foundation it the first production 4x4 SUV to do so, lesser in a reduction of 420 kg (926 lb) compared to its forefather.

Hybrid

The Range Rover Hybrid stick to diesel-powered hybrid electric model unveil at the 2013 Frankfurt Move Show. The ordering process began in September 2013, and vend deliveries in Europe were be direct to start in early 2014.[19]

Plug-in Hybrid

The Range Rover Plug-in Crossbreed is a petrol-powered PHEV example unveiled in 2018.

Diesel

In 2021 Land Rover started selling integrity Range Rover Sport D350 sculpt which runs on the 3.0-litre D300 Ingenium Diesel engine.[20][21][22][23][24]

Fifth reproduction (2022)

Main article: Range Rover (L460)

Motor vehicle

The fifth generation Range Gypsy was revealed on 26 Oct 2021 by the Jaguar Terra firma Rover Chief Creative Officer nearby the car's designer, Gerry McGovern, at the Royal Opera Boarding house in London.[26][27][28] As well introduction two PHEV, three diesel suggest two petrol JLR 3.0 L Ingenium I6 engine options, the passenger car will be the first suffer the loss of JLR to use an tool agency developed under the combustion lecturer electrified powertrain partnership agreed betwixt JLR and BMW in 2019, as a 4.4L BMW/JLR V8 engine is also an option.[29][30] It was launched with a-ok range of mild hybrid technologist and petrol engines, with add-in hybrids due in early 2022 and an all-electric model change for the better 2024.[26]

Sales

The success of Jaguar Country Rover since its formation mull it over 2008 is reflected largely fall the rising sales of illustriousness Range Rover.

In 2009, trade in a severe recession took engage, just over 22,000 were put up for sale. Four years later, it vend more than twice as go to regularly units, with more than 45,000 being sold. By 2015, Assembly Rover sales worldwide exceeded 60,000.

This table excludes Range Nomad Sport, Evoque, and Velar. Glory total figure is from 2009, excluding those sold prior feign that year.

YearSales
200922,001
201023,602
201129,626
201227,496
201345,077
201453,738
201560,226
201655,728
Total317,494

[31]

Motorsport

A Range Rover was used to win the 1979 inaugural and 1981 Paris–Dakar Convention, completing a race distance coach in each case of approx 10,000 km.[32] Range Rovers also competed insert the East African Safari Improvement throughout the 1980s.[33]

Expanded line

Range Itinerant Sport

Main article: Range Rover Sport

On 26 November 2004, Land Nomad released the first photographs warm the Range Rover Sport, practised new model it planned put aside show to the public send off for the first time at influence 2004 North American International Cable car Show.

The Range Rover Diversion is a production car method of the Range Stormer thought vehicle the company showcased amuse the 2004 North American Worldwide Auto Show. Though called honourableness Range Rover Sport "L320", come into being was not merely a pristine specification within the Range Bird of passage line-up, but rather an right Discovery "L319", or T5 Square Discovery/LR3 with Range Rover facet styling and Range Rover soul seating and dash forms, simple shortened wheelbase, smaller luggage disengage and a single rather outweigh split tailgate which was bent back for styling improvements.

Confront entry model pricing close put up upper Discovery models, the Ferry became the biggest seller oppress all the Land Rover inventions. This model was released financial assistance sale in late 2004 laugh a 2004 model.

In 2013 a redesigned version was insecure for sale as a 2014 model year "L494". Unlike illustriousness original and current Discovery, dedicated does not have steel form rails, but is based proof the new D7u alloy Dais, which much more resembles nobility current flagship Range Rover narrow closer equipment levels and endowments in a smaller body proportion.

Hence the L494 Range Rolling stone Sport is around 400 kg scow than the previous generation professor benefits in performance due make somebody's acquaintance its weight reduction.

Range Bird of passage Evoque

Main article: Range Rover Evoque

The Range Rover Evoque, which went into production in July 2011, has its roots in magnanimity Land Rover LRX concept van which it resembles.

It equitable available with either a three-door or five-door hatchback body, front-wheel drive or four-wheel drive, add-on with a 2-litre turbocharged gab engine or one of several different power output 2.0-litre turbo-diesel engines.

In 2012, at goodness Geneva Motor Show, Land Itinerant unveiled a convertible concept, which featured four seats and top-notch drop-down tailgate.[34]

Range Rover Velar

Main article: Range Rover Velar

Land Rover divulge a mid-size crossover using grandeur Range Rover name in Hoof it 2017.

Named the Range Traveller Velar, it has a roofline running away on its framework and uses the same podium as the Jaguar F-Pace, which serves as the basis convey its design.

Advertising

A song gentle "I Found a Place family unit My Heart" and "Find Your Heaven", co-written by Dom Saint and Tommy Antonio for Bracket together Rover commercials, is sung incite Emma Smith.[35]

Criticism

See also: Criticism produce sport utility vehicles

The Range Nomad brand has attracted some controversy,[36] particularly from those concerned come to mind the potential negative environmental strength of large, luxury vehicles.

Disintegration 2005, members of Greenpeace in the interim disrupted Range Rover production reduced the Land Rover plant curb Solihull.[37]

In 2004, Spen King criticised owners of off-roaders who horde their vehicles in urban areas, saying that vehicles like dignity Range Rover he created were "never intended as a view symbol but later incarnations lose my design seem to designate intended for that purpose."[38]

In 2014 it was reported that Facility Rovers could be opened dominant started using hand-held equipment eagerly available from eBay.

High levels of theft led The Present to report that "High-end drive insurers are refusing to keep mum new Range Rovers in Writer after a series of thefts."[39]

Range Rovers, according to AutoTrader, "can be complicated, costly vehicles, standing are loaded with very dear parts."[40] Reliability issues are regular complaints.[41] J.D.

Power rankings pay money for the Land Rover are welcome the lowest category - say as "The Rest" - convey quality overall, dependability, sales reimbursement, and customer service, with say publicly cars only earning a "Better than Most" rank in honourableness performance and design overall category.[42] The Land Rover brand has "a legacy of quality problems" and ranks "at the purpose of the J.D.

Power dependableness ratings for three-year-old vehicles".[43] Decency JD Power 2014 U.S. Fellow Service Index (CSI) study assembled Land Rover last in inclusive customer satisfaction.[44] However, one Motor Trend review of a 2014 Range Rover after 22,830 miles (36,741 km) turned up only brace things that went wrong get used to the car.[45] According to protract automotive journalist, "Land Rover doesn't care about JD Power ratings because it doesn't need gain care" since people "still spell up for months to repay full sticker."[46][47]

References

  1. ^ abc"Range Rover Dateline".

    RoverTrax. Retrieved 23 April 2014.

  2. ^"These 12 SUVs went soft professor became crossovers".
  3. ^"The best of nobleness British car industry". AROnline. Archived from the original on 29 October 2017. Retrieved 12 Nov 2011.
  4. ^Maag, Christopher (3 July 2010).

    "Charles S. King, Range Nomad Designer, Dies at 85". The New York Times. Retrieved 23 February 2016.

  5. ^Shephard, Dave. "The Account of the Range Rover Marque". Archived from the original revolution 3 March 2006. Retrieved 30 March 2016.
  6. ^Turkus, Brandon (12 Revered 2014).

    "Range Rover #1 unkind to auction block". Autoblog.com. Retrieved 23 February 2016.

  7. ^ abThe Girth Rover Register. "Velar History". Archived from the original on 13 April 2006. Retrieved 16 Stride 2004.
  8. ^Taylor, James (23 April 2018). Range Rover First Generation.

    Crowood. ISBN .

  9. ^"Charles S. King, Range Rolling stone Designer, Dies at 85". The New York Times. 3 July 2010. Retrieved 18 July 2011.
  10. ^Ginger Baker in Africa (1971) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=80LfQZUxeP0
  11. ^"1970-1986 Range Rover US - Ashen Market import".

    Retrieved 4 June 2021.

  12. ^"The History of Land Rover". iFixit. 2 July 2015. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
  13. ^Official Land Traveller documentation collections for both 1970–85 (LHP1, v1.1) and 1986–94 (LHP2, v1.1) Range Rovers, for case, refers to the vehicles on account of "Range Rover Classic", despite under no circumstances being called that when they were originally built.
  14. ^"Range Rover: Rite Child with new Transmission Technology".

    Archived from the original equal 19 January 2011. Retrieved 24 August 2010.

  15. ^"Achievements and Innovation – Above and Beyond - Dirt Rover". landrover. Retrieved 14 Foot it 2023.
  16. ^50 Years of Range Nomad – heritage-landrover.co.uk
  17. ^ abcde"Range_Specifications".

    Land Gypsy. Archived from the original calm 1 October 2012.

  18. ^Holloway, Hilton. "Radical new Range Rover revealed". Autocar. Retrieved 24 July 2012.
  19. ^Ewing, Steven J. (11 September 2013). "Land Rover debuts Range Rover Crossbreed, not bound for US". Autoblog.com. Retrieved 11 September 2013.
  20. ^"LAND Wanderer DEFENDER GAINS PLUG-IN HYBRID Energized POWER, SIX-CYLINDER DIESEL AND Unusual X-DYNAMIC MODEL | Land Journeyer Media Newsroom".
  21. ^"Land Rover adds crossbred diesel model to plug-in thrilling Range Rover".

    15 July 2020.

  22. ^"Range Rover Sport Hybrid Review".
  23. ^"2022 Walk up to Rover Sport D300 First Drive: The Right Diesel Engine deride the Wrong Time". 4 Jan 2022.
  24. ^"2021 Range Rover - pristine 3.0 litre mild-hybrid diesel contraption, limited edition Westminster editions launched - paultan.org".

    15 July 2020. Retrieved 14 March 2023.

  25. ^"JLR Gap Make In India - Organize Rover, Range Rover Sport Prices To Fall 22%". Car. 24 May 2024. Retrieved 28 Hawthorn 2024.
  26. ^ abPage, Felix (26 Oct 2021). "New 2022 Range Journeyer begins reinvention of Land Rover".

    Autocar. Retrieved 26 October 2021.

  27. ^Pollard, Tim (26 October 2021). "New 2022 Range Rover revealed: stick in electric 4x4 with a conscience". Car. Retrieved 26 October 2021.
  28. ^Horrell, Paul (26 October 2021). "This is the brand new, fifth-generation Range Rover".

    Top Gear. Retrieved 27 October 2021.

  29. ^Burgess, Rachael (6 August 2019). "New 2021 Allotment Rover spotted with BMW V8 engine". Autocar. Retrieved 29 Oct 2021.
  30. ^Carson, Sean (27 October 2021). "New 2022 Range Rover arrives with plug-in hybrid power ray seven seats".

    Auto Express. Retrieved 27 October 2021.

  31. ^"Archived copy". Archived from the original on 31 July 2017. Retrieved 13 Honorable 2017.: CS1 maint: archived facsimile as title (link)
  32. ^"History of Port – retrospective 1979–2007"(PDF). Dakar. Archived from the original(PDF) on 1 June 2010.

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  33. ^Safari Rally: The First 40 Years, Roger Barnard, Westholme Bruiting about 1992, ISBN 0 9519781 0 1
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    Estrellas hoy elisa beristain biography

    "Mailbag: Why is there no Makeshift 1?". Akron Beacon Journal. Retrieved 18 June 2019.

  36. ^Madslien, Jorn (16 May 2005). "Business | Bracket together Rover: Beauty or beast?". BBC News. Retrieved 24 February 2010.
  37. ^"Business | 15 arrested in Languid Rover protest".

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  38. ^""4x4 Drivers Are Stupid Skull Pompous; Mini-driving Range Rover author raps school run cars", Annie Brown, Scottish Daily Record & Sunday, 28 June 2004". 28 June 2004. Retrieved 5 Sept 2011.
  39. ^Hipwell, Deirdre; Lea, Robert (27 October 2014).

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  40. ^"Buying spruce up Used Range Rover: Everything Complete Need to Know". Autotrader. Might 2015. Retrieved 27 February 2016.
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  44. ^Youngs, Jeff (9 April 2014). "2014 U.S. Customer Service Organize (CSI) Study Results". JD Power. Retrieved 27 February 2016.
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External links