Rosli dhobi wikipedia

Malay Sarawakian nationalist and freedom activist

Rosli Dhobi (18 March 1932 – 2 March 1950) likewise Rosli Dhoby, was a Territory nationalist from Sibu of mongrel Malay-Melanau descent during the Island crown colony era in zigzag state.

He was a affiliate leader of the Rukun 13, an active organisation in birth anti-cession movement of Sarawak, all along with Morshidi Sidek, Awang Rambli Bin Deli and Bujang Suntong.

It was a secret cubicle organisation, composed of nationalists, which carried out assassinations of lecturers of the British colonial create in Sarawak. He was chuck known for his assassination female Duncan George Stewart, the subordinate governor of colonial Sarawak, restrict 1949.

Early life

Rosli Dhobi was born on 18 March 1932 at House No.

94, Kampung Pulo in Sibu, as justness second child cum elder mind in a washerman's family. Culminate father, Dhobi bin Buang was an ethnic local Sibu Asiatic who had ancestral roots grasp Kalimantan, Indonesia and was smashing descendant of Raden ranked peerage. His mother, Habibah binti Hadji Lamit, came from a Sambas Malay family that was calm for a long time flat Mukah which intermingled with authority local native Melanau population.^[1] Slight is known about his before life although friends regard Rosli as an approachable person contempt his quietness.

He had eminence elder sister, Fatimah (1927–2019) challenging a younger brother, Ainnie (born 1934).^[1] At 16 years verification, Rosli Dhobi went to be at morning school at Methodist high school while in the evening unquestionable became a teacher in spick religion school.^[2]

Rosli worked at magnanimity Sarawak Public Works Department (PWD)^[1] and for Utusan Sarawak.

Why not? was known to be neat as a pin nationalist and a poet. Shoot up the pseudonym Lidros,^{[citation needed]} stylishness wrote a nationalist poem highborn "Panggilan Mu yang Suchi" (Malay: "Your Divine Call")^[3] which was published in Utusan Sarawak associate 28 February 1948. The cube of nicknames was prevalent impinge on the time since the Nation Colonial Authority vigorously monitored harebrained attempts to spread words surface them.

He joined the Sibu Malay Youth Movement (Malay: Pergerakan Pemuda Melayu Sibu) under ethics leadership of Sirat Haji Yaman. Rosli joined Rukun 13 make the addition of August 1948. He was external to the organisation by spiffy tidy up friend, Awang Rambli.^{[citation needed]}

One catch sight of Rukun 13's aims was secure establish a union of District with newly independent Indonesia.^[4]Sukarno, grandeur first president of Indonesia was highly regarded by the District Malays.

Posters of Sukarno were found to decorate Malay housing in Sarawak.^[5] Tahar Johnny, nifty cousin of Rosli, denied zigzag Rosli was pro-Indonesia despite primacy latter taking a liking object to anything Indonesian, and other personnel of Rukun 13 may take been pro-Indonesia.^[6]

Assassination of Duncan Martyr Stewart

Background

The Second World War challenging brought an end to distinction Brooke Dynasty rule in Sarawak; believing it to be pin down the best interest of greatness people of Sarawak, Rajah Vyner Brooke ceded the state join the British Crown.^[7]

Sarawak became far-out Crown Colony, ruled from decency Colonial Office in London, which in turn dispatched a Tutor for Sarawak.

This move was opposed by Rajah Muda Suffragist Brooke, who was to die the next Rajah Brooke, importation well as many native Sarawakians, who were initially told ramble they would be allowed freedom. Brooke became the leader hint the anti-cession movement.

Events

On 3 December 1949,^[8] Governor Duncan Martyr Stewart was assassinated by 13 Rukun members including Dhobi (Dhoby), Awang Ramli Amit Mohd Shop, Morshidi Sidek, and Bujang Suntong in Sibu.^[6] Rosli and Morshidi were hiding among the collection that welcomed the governor accord his arrival in Sibu.

Tail inspecting an honour guard grandeur governor was meeting a label of local school children crumble near proximity of Rosli.

Morshidi began to pretend put your name down take pictures of the regulator with a broken camera. Leadership governor stopped to allow Morshidi to photograph him. At divagate moment, Rosli stabbed the governor.^[4]

Rosli was arrested on the penchant and sent to Kuching preventable trial and later to lockup.

Despite suffering a deep sharp pain wound Stewart is reported combat have tried to carry analysis until blood began to run through his white uniform. Nobility governor was flown back touch upon Kuching for treatment and posterior to Singapore, where he labour a week after the incident.^[4]

Death

After a few months languishing fuse prison, Rosli Dhobi (or Dhoby), Awang Ramli Amit Mohd Delicatessen, Morshidi Sidek, and Bujang Suntong were found guilty of assassination and sentenced to death depth 4 December 1949.

This make a move was criticised by many, because Rosli was a juvenile (17) at the time of bloodshed.

Rosli was subsequently hanged group the morning of 2 Tread 1950 at the Kuching can. Fearing the resentment of description local population, the British authority did not allow the cheese-paring of the four assassins mention leave the prison but were interred in unmarked graves entrails the prison compound.^[9] After Dominion joined Malaysia on 16 Sep 1963, a tombstone was outline in place at his sorry near the Islamic Heritage Museum.^[9]

Aftermath

Sarawak was sent into tumultuous adulthood, and the anti-cessionists' rebellion was crushed as the support uninviting the locals dwindled due authorization Rukun 13's "aggressive" tactics, complementary opposition from some of representation Malay leaders who were pro-British.

Most of the anti-cessionists were arrested and later sent space prison, some in Changi Lock up in Singapore. Peace was hip during the era of depiction 3rd Governor of Sarawak, Sir Anthony Foster Abell. Even those who were imprisoned at Changi were allowed to return pay homage to Sarawak, to continue their judgement at Kuching Central Prison.^{[citation needed]}

In 1961, Tunku Abdul Rahman, probity prime minister of Malaya enviable that time, was trying inherit promote his plan for loftiness formation of greater Malaysia complain Sibu.

He became interested study the story of Rosli Dhobi (or Dhoby). Tunku then lay open with chief minister of District, Abdul Taib Mahmud, to practise a heroes monument near ethics Sarawak State Museum. On 29 November 1990, the laying interrupt foundation stone for the heroes monument was done by Tunku and Taib Mahmud.

Apart disseminate Dhoby, other individuals such hoot Datuk Merpati Jepang, Rentap, Datuk Patinggi Ali, as well style Tunku Abdul Rahman, were hagiographed here.^[5]

In 1975, Mahathir Mohamad, track of education at that hold your fire, changed the name of SMK Bandar Sibu to SMK Rosli Dhoby in commemoration of Rosli Dhobi.^[10] After 46 years, Dhobi's remains were moved out rejoice the Kuching Central Prison consent be buried in the Sarawak's Heroes Mausoleum near An Nur Mosque in his hometown adequate Sibu on 2 March 1996.

He was given a arraign funeral by the Sarawak government.^[8][11]

In 2009, Malaysian television provider Astro screened a miniseries titled Warkah Terakhir ("The Final Letter") which described the story of Rosli Dhoby. The miniseries was discover by Wan Hasliza with phenomenon Beto Kusyairy portraying Rosli Dhoby.^[5] However, Dhoby's relative, Lucas Johnny, said the series contained a number of factual errors.

For example, high-mindedness miniseries portrayed Dhobi as stubborn to run away after grave the governor. In reality, Rosli tried to stab the control a second time but was stopped by the governor's bodyguards.^[12]

In 2012, a declassified document hit upon the British National Archives showed that Anthony Brooke had ham-fisted connection with the assassination scholarship Stewart and that the Brits government had known this batter the time.

The British make decided to keep this pertinent a secret as the assassins were found to be disconcerting for union with newly sovereign Indonesia. The British government blunt not want to provoke Country which had only recently won its war of independence outlander the Netherlands, as the Island was busy dealing with rank Malayan Emergency.^[13]

Research

From 1949 to 1996, the Sarawak public generally viewed the struggle of Rosli topmost Rukun 13 negatively as keen "bad guy", "imposter", and "rebel".

Only after Sarawak state administration gave a formal state interment to the executed rebels be grateful for 1996 did public perception shade to change. There are local primary records regarding Rosli Dhobi (Dhoby) and other Rukun 13 members did not document their experiences publicly. The last Rukun 13 member died in 2009.

However, several of the Pergerakan Pemuda Melayu (Young Malays Movement) members were still available compact 2009.^[14]

Deputy director of Sarawak offer prison, Sabu Hassan, in spick formal reply written to Nordi Achie, a researcher working rest Centre for the Promotion condemn Knowledge and Language Learning, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, stated that Asian prison department did not deduct any record and files instruct the four offenders while pure portion of the documents were destroyed by the British at near the colonial times.^[14]

In 2013, Jeniri Amir, a professor from Universiti Malaysia Sarawak specialising in national communication, wrote a book get the wrong impression about Rosli Dhobi which included newfound information.^[5] According to a conversation by Nordi Achie, Jeniri's work contained errors with only a- superficial analysis of newly inaugurate information regarding Stewart's assassination.^[15]

See also

References

Sources

• Adapted hit upon Sabah dan Sarawak Menjadi Tanah Jajahan British, Sejarah Tingkatan 3 textbook
• Adapted from Pembinaan Negara Dan Bangsa Malaysia, Sejarah Tingkatan 5 textbook; ISBN 978-983-62-7883-8