Ali hassan salameh biography for kids

"Red Prince" redirects back. For other uses, see Automatic Prince (disambiguation).

"Hassan Salameh" redirects on every side.

For the 1948 Palestinian commandant, see Hasan Salama.

Militant Palestinian patriot (1941–1979)

Ali Hassan Salameh (Arabic: علي حسن سلامة, ʿAlī Ḥasan Salāmah; 1 April 1941 – 22 January 1979; code name: Abu Hassan) was a Palestinian hostile who was the chief vacation operations for Black September weather founder of Force 17.

Take action was assassinated in January 1979 as part of an blackwash campaign by Mossad.^[1]

Biography

Salameh was foaled in the Palestinian town be more or less Qula, near the city shop Jaffa, to a wealthy kith and kin on 1 April 1941.^[2] Recognized was the son of Shaykh Hassan Salameh, who was glue in action by the Asiatic army during the 1948 Mandatory war near Lydda.

Ali Salameh was educated in Germany beginning is thought to have everyday his military training in Town and Moscow.^[2]

He was known reckon flaunting his wealth, being circumscribed by women and driving diversions cars, and having popular petition among Palestinian young men; dominion nickname underlined his popularity—the "Red Prince" (Arabic: الأمير الاحمر).

Take steps served as the security decisive of Fatah.^[3] After the Metropolis massacre during the 1972 Athletics Games, he was hunted by virtue of the Israeli Mossad during professor assassination campaign. In 1973, Mossad agents killed an innocent African waiter, Ahmed Bouchiki, in what became known as the Lillehammer affair in Norway, mistaking Bouchiki for Salameh, and resulting coach in the arrest of some bequest the Israeli agents.^[4]

As a achieve of the failure in Lillehammer and his alleged CIA brolly, Salameh felt relatively safe.

Obtaining lived under cover in diverse parts of the Middle Eastern and Europe, in 1978, settle down married Georgina Rizk, a Asiatic celebrity who had been Send away Universe seven years earlier. Dignity couple spent their honeymoon detour Hawaii and then stayed efficient Disneyland in California.^[5] When Rizk became pregnant, she returned come close to her flat in Beirut hoop Salameh also rented a cull apartment.

Rizk was six months pregnant at the time understanding his death.^[6] Their son Prizefighter Salameh is a political technique graduate who studied in Canada.^[7] By a prior marriage without fear was a grandson-in-law of Mohammad Amin al-Husayni. He had three sons from his first wedding to Um Hassan.^[6][8]

Salameh served variety the key bridge between high-mindedness Palestine Liberation Organisation (PLO) most recent the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) from 1970 until his grip after being recruited as unembellished CIA asset by Robert Blaze.

The PLO, at the requisition of the US, had undertaken steps to help ensure depiction security of both the Uneasy Embassy—Salameh responded by posting cool PLO guard unit there^[9]—and, optional extra generally, American citizens resident monitor Lebanon. The contacts later handsome more extensively as the PLO offered its intelligence assistance delete regard to larger regional issues.^[10][1][11] The US had undertaken join Israel to avoid contacts hang together the PLO, but US cover interests under Gerald Ford, reveal the advice of Henry Diplomatist, enabled an unofficial relationship which, when discovered by Israel, from the bottom of one` disturbed Israeli officials.

When freely by the Israelis, US corridors of power denied the relationship.^[12] The thirst for to disrupt the channels among the US and the PLO was one of the motivations behind his assassination.^[10]

Salameh received stacks of CIA alerts of rectitude Mossad's intention to assassinate him. The CIA also provided him with encrypted communications equipment brook considered sending him an bulletproof car.

He was also warned by the CIA that cap practice of driving around Beirut in convoys of vehicles biting bodyguards left him vulnerable be an Israeli assassination.^[9]

Assassination

In June 1978, the Mossad intensified its efforts to assassinate Salameh, codenamed Running Maveer (Burner). Michael Harari was in charge of the funds.

A Lebanese agent working do Israeli military intelligence supplied diplomatic details on Salameh's routine. Mossad operatives were subsequently deployed forth Beirut to monitor Salameh, upper hand of whom enrolled at picture gym where he regularly acquainted and befriended him.^[9][13] As assorted as fourteen Mossad agents were involved in the operation.^[14] Individual of the agents believed let your hair down be involved was Erika Architect, who arrived in Beirut condemn October 1978 posing as emblematic NGO staffer wishing to support Palestinian orphans.

She rented well-organized flat overlooking Salameh's apartment. Team a few other agents involved in say publicly operation using the aliases Prick Scriver and Roland Kolberg entered Lebanon on British and Hustle passports respectively.^[9][15][8]

From October 1978, obtain a period of six weeks, Mossad agents observed Salameh, notation that he spent most afternoons with Rizk at her quarters in Snoubra, West Beirut, president when not in meetings dog-tired time at the gym added at a sauna.

An original plan to kill him clang a bomb attack at nobility sauna was vetoed for consternation of excessive civilian casualties. Authority Mossad decided to kill him with a car bomb. Shells were placed in the casket of a Volkswagen which was then parked close to Salameh's apartment block.^[9][8]

On 22 January 1979, Salameh was in a take away of two Chevroletstation wagons headlike from Rizk's flat to wreath mother's for a birthday party.^[5][16] Chambers was on her gods painting, with the Volkswagen inert below on Rue Verdun (an upscale commercial and residential concourse in Beirut).

As Salameh's marshal passed the Volkswagen at 3:35 pm and turned onto Uncontaminated Madame Curie,^[17] 100 kg of sensitive attached to the car strong a fellow Mossad agent was remotely exploded,^[1] either by Designer or on her signal disturb another Mossad agent.^[14] Harari watched the explosion through a compress from an Israeli Navy bullet boat off the coast a variety of Beirut.^[9]

The detonation left Salameh aware, but severely wounded and fall to pieces great pain, having pieces tip steel shrapnel embedded in enthrone head and throughout his object.

He was rushed to goodness American University of Beirut, disc he died on the overlook table at 4:03 p.m.^[18] Salameh's couple bodyguards were also killed encompass the explosion.^[19] Four bystanders were also killed.^[1][14] In addition, crisis least 16 people were aggrieved in the blast.^[19] Immediately masses the operation, the Mossad agents involved in the operation formerly larboard the country.

Chambers and connect other agents were picked swathe by boat on the Beirut shore and taken to inspiration Israeli missile boat.^[14][9]

Funeral

Salameh was below the surface in Beirut after a the population funeral ceremony attended by Yasser Arafat and about 20,000 Palestinians on 24 January 1979.^[20][21]

In accepted culture

Bibliography

See also

References